Light Cycles
Use light duration as a tool. Pair it with dark integrity and DLI so you can predict outcomes instead of guessing.
Instant answer
- 12/12 is the baseline. Treat it as your control group.
- If you change hours, keep everything else stable and track results for one full run.
- Protect the dark period: no leaks, no timer drift, no surprise light pulses.
- Think in DLI (hours × PPFD). More hours can raise DLI without changing intensity.
- When quality drops or flowers stall, check the basics first, then adjust one lever.
Schedule chooser
Pick the lane that matches your goal, then click into the deep page for the exact protocol.
| Goal | Start with | Why it works | Best next page |
|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline flowering | 12/12 | Most cultivars respond reliably, easy to compare runs. | 11/13 vs 12/12 |
| Tighter finish, less stretch | 11/13 | More dark time can push quicker maturation on some genetics. | 11/13 protocol notes |
| Perpetual cadence, energy strategy | 14/10 | More light hours can raise DLI while keeping the schedule simple. | 14/10 explained |
| Haze and long-flower genetics | Plan, then ramp | These strains punish sloppy transitions. Use checkpoints and constraints. | haze grow protocol |
DLI in one minute
DLI is the total light your plant receives in a day. It explains why two growers can run different schedules and still get similar results.
- Formula: DLI (mol·m-2·d-1) = PPFD (μmol·m-2·s-1) × hours × 3600 ÷ 1,000,000
- Example: 800 PPFD × 12 hours ≈ 34.6 DLI
- If you raise hours, you raise DLI even if intensity stays the same.
Dark integrity checklist
- Timer is correct and does not drift.
- No light leaks during lights-off (doors, zippers, LEDs, hallway spill).
- No brief “maintenance lights” and no phone flashlight checks during darkness.
- Fans and controllers do not flash status LEDs into the canopy.
- If you must enter, use a dim green headlamp and keep it brief.
If you suspect a dark leak, treat it like a wiring fault: find it, stop it, and only then adjust your schedule.
When to adjust hours
| What you see | Check first | First move | Deep link |
|---|---|---|---|
| Late-flower stall | Environment, root zone, and measurement accuracy | Fix constraints before touching the light schedule | late-flower stall |
| Slow ripening on some genetics | Dark integrity and DLI consistency | Test 11/13 only after a clean baseline run | 11/13 vs 12/12 |
| Good yield, weak flavor | Drying and curing execution | Do not blame the light cycle if post-harvest is sloppy | Drying hub and Curing hub |
| Confusing results run to run | Too many changes at once | Lock a control schedule and log every run | strain-aware growing |
Related deep pages
Myth check
- Myth: more hours always means more yield. Reality: if heat, CO2, and nutrients cannot keep up, you just add stress.
- Myth: 12/12 is always optimal. Reality: some cultivars flower well under longer photoperiods.
- Myth: light fixes bad drying. Reality: post-harvest mistakes can erase great growing.
- Myth: one schedule fits all. Reality: track your own cultivar response and lock what works.
Safe switch protocol
If you change your schedule mid-run, do it cleanly so you do not create noise in your results.
- Pick one lever: hours or intensity.
- Change it once, then hold it steady for at least 10 to 14 days.
- Log: lights-on time, PPFD at canopy, canopy temp, RH, and daily notes.
- If quality drops, revert to baseline and fix constraints before experimenting again.
References
- Purdue Extension: Measuring Daily Light Integral in a Greenhouse (HO-238-W)
- Peterswald et al. (2023): Effect of different photoperiods on biomass yield and cannabinoids
- Ahrens et al. (2024): Longer photoperiods can increase indoor-grown cannabis yield in some cultivars
- Virginia Cooperative Extension (2025): Calculating and using Daily Light Integral
Deep dives and supporting pages
Use these when you want specifics, not general advice.
FAQ
Is 12/12 still the default?
Yes. 12/12 is the most reliable baseline across genetics. Everything else is a lever you pull for a reason.
What is 14/10 used for?
To raise daily light while staying in flower. It can work in perpetual systems if darkness is truly dark and the environment is stable.
What is 11/13 used for?
Usually as a late-flower lever for some long-flowering genetics or stubborn ripening, after you establish a clean baseline.
What matters most: hours or intensity?
Total daily light plus heat management. Change one variable at a time so you can attribute results.
Next steps
Cluster map
Deep pages in this cluster. Use these when you want specifics, not vibes.
FAQ
Is 12/12 still the default?
Yes. 12/12 is the most reliable flowering schedule across genetics. Everything else is a lever you pull for a reason.
What is 14/10 used for?
To increase daily light while staying in flower. It can help perpetual flower systems, but only if your darkness is truly dark and your environment stays stable.
What is 11/13 used for?
Usually to push late flower maturity on stubborn cultivars or to manage long-flowering genetics. It can reduce stress for some plants late.
What matters most: hours or intensity?
Total daily light plus heat management. If you raise hours and intensity together, you can cook your plant. Change one variable at a time and track results.